🍽️Stomach cancer

#1H. pylori infection[1, 2]≈3×

The single biggest driver on this chart.

Have you ever been tested for H. pylori, a common stomach bacteria?

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#2Family history[3]+84%

Having a parent, sibling or child who had stomach cancer went with 84% more stomach cancer in a pooled analysis of the international Stomach Cancer Pooling Project, roughly double.

Any strong family history of cancer?

Same number, 2 answers: The pooled analysis compared having any first-degree relative with stomach cancer against none; it did not split one relative from several.

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#3Salt-preserved foods[4]+68%

High salt intake damages the stomach lining directly and travels with H.

How often do you eat heavily salted or salt-preserved foods (pickled vegetables, salted or dried fish, cured meats, instant-noodle seasoning)?

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#4Smoking[5]+53%

Across 205 studies published through January 2023, current smokers died of stomach cancer 53% more often than never smokers, former smokers 30% more, the excess larger for cardia cancer (about double) than the rest of the stomach.

Do you smoke?

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#5Processed meat[6]+45%

Across 12 cohort and 30 case-control studies, the highest processed-meat intake went with 45% more stomach cancer than the lowest; the same review found fresh red meat significant in case-control studies but not in cohorts alone, so it stays off this pill.

How often do you eat processed meat (bacon, deli, sausage)?

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#6Regular aspirin or NSAID use[7]−30%

Across 24 studies, people who regularly took aspirin for a year or more had 30% less stomach cancer, the effect strongest for the non-cardia stomach.

Do you take aspirin or another NSAID (ibuprofen, naproxen) most days, for a year or more?

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#7Physical inactivity[8]−22%

In 1.44 million adults, the most active tenth developed 22% less cardia stomach cancer than the least active tenth; the paper did not report a figure for the rest of the stomach.

How many days a week do you get 30+ minutes of exercise?

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#8Alcohol[9]+20%

Across 44 case-control and 15 cohort studies, any drinking went with a bare 7% more stomach cancer than none, with the real climb showing up at heavy intake: four or more drinks a day went with 20% more.

How much alcohol do you drink?

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#9Low fruit & vegetables[10]−18%

Fruit carries the clearer signal: across the pooled cohorts, the highest fruit intake went with 18% less stomach cancer than the lowest, strengthening to 34% less in studies following people ten or more years.

How many servings of vegetables and fruit do you eat a day?

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#10Body weight[11]+6%

In the largest pooled analysis (24 prospective studies, over 10 million people), extra weight barely moved stomach cancer overall — overweight and obesity both landed close to flat.

How would you describe your weight?

Same number, 2 answers: The meta-analysis pooled everyone with a BMI of 30 or over as one obese group.

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